9th std science why do we fall ill notes in english version 2020-21

 Chapter 13 – Why Do We Fall Ill 

State any two conditions essential for good health.

Solution:

Two conditions essential for good health are:

●   A person should have better health facilities to deal with problems.

●   Basic necessary conditions to stop diseases must be present.

Question 2:

State any two conditions essential for being free of disease.

Solution:

The two conditions essential for being free of diseases are:

●   Personal hygiene and cleanliness.

●   Eating balanced diet and nutritious food.

Question 1:

List any three reasons why you would think that you are sick and ought to see a doctor. If only one of these symptoms were present, would you still go to the doctor? Why or why not? Solution:

Headache, stomach pain, nausea, vomiting, fever, etc., are the symptoms that make us feel that we are sick and must visit a doctor. It will be difficult for us to predict the kind of disease and end up visiting the doctor so that the disease can be treated with proper medication.

However, if only one of these symptoms is present, we usually do not visit a doctor. This is because such symptoms do not have much effect on our general health and ability to work. However, if a person is experiencing these symptoms for quite regularly, then he needs to visit a doctor for proper treatment because that may be a symptom of severe disease.

Question 2:

In which of the following case do you think the long-term effects on your health are likely to be most unpleasant?

a. If you get jaundice, b. If you get lice,

c. If you get acne. Why?

Solution:

If we get jaundice it will be most unpleasant as it is a chronic disease and can cause long-term effects on our health. Lice and acne can be cured by using medicated shampoo and proper cleanliness respectively.

Question 1: 

Why we are normally advised to take bland and nourishing food when we are sick?

Solution:

When we are sick our body will be weak, by consuming bland and nourishing food we can get the nutrients and energy quickly to fight the disease-causing agents. Oil and spices will be difficult to digest because our metabolic system is weak.

Question 2:

What are the different means by which infectious diseases are spread?

Solution:

● Diseases can be spread through various means such as air, water, sexual contact, blood and vector.

● Through air - This occurs through the little droplets thrown out by an infected person who sneezes or coughs. For example, tuberculosis, pneumonia, etc. spread through the air.

● Through water - This occurs if the excreta from someone suffering from an infectious gut disease, such as cholera, get mixed with the drinking water used by people living nearby.

●   Through physical contact - Sexual act is one of the closest physical contact two people

can have with each other.

● Blood transfusion - Certain diseases such as AIDS can spread via the blood to blood contact during a blood transfusion or pregnancy.

●   Through vectors - Diseases can spread through vectors. For example, mosquitoes spread

malaria.

Question 3:

What precautions can you take in your school to reduce the incidence of infectious diseases?

Solution:

●   Cover mouth or nose while sneezing.

●   To make sure that water is not stagnant to avoid the breeding of mosquitoes.

●   Drinking filtered or purified water to avoid the spread of water-borne diseases.

Question 4:

What is immunization?

Solution:

Immunization is a process of protecting the body from communicable diseases by administration of the agent that mimics the microbe.

Question 5:

What are the immunization programmes available at the nearest health centre in your locality? Which of these diseases are the major health problems in your area? 

Solution:

The immunization programmes available are DPT, polio vaccine, Hepatitis B, MMR, jaundice, typhoid, etc.

(Answers may vary)

Question 1:

How many times did you fall ill in the last year? What were the illnesses?

a. Think of one change you could make in your habits in order to avoid any of /most of the above illnesses.

b. Think of one change you would wish for in your surroundings in order to avoid any of/most of the above illnesses.

Solution:

(Answer may vary)

It depends on the immunity system of the individual. Few might fall ill several times in a year whereas others do not fall ill at all.

Illness may be fever, cold and cough etc. a. Eating fresh and healthy food.

b. Drinking boiled water.

Question 2:

A doctor/nurse/health-worker is exposed to more sick people than others in the community. Find out how she/he avoids getting sick herself/himself.

Solution:

●   Keeping themselves covered while moving around an infected place.

●   Wearing a mask and gloves when in contact with an infected person.

●   Eating healthy and nutritious food.

●   Ensuring proper cleanliness and personal hygiene.

Question 3:

Conduct a survey in your neighbourhood to find out what the three most common diseases are. Suggest three steps that could be taken by your local authorities to bring down the incidence of these diseases.

Solution:

Three most common diseases are Dengue, Typhoid, Jaundice. etc. Steps to be taken to bring down the incidence of these diseases are:

●   Proper disposal of garbage

●   Proper maintenance of open sewage system and canals.

●   Ensuring the supply of safe drinking water.

●   Providing a clean environment and preventing mosquitoes from breeding. 

Question 4:

A baby is not able to tell her/his caretakers that she/he is sick. What would help us to find out

(a) That the baby is sick? (b) What is the sickness? Solution:

(a) Sickness can be determined by the behavioural changes of the baby.

(b) Sickness can be symptoms or indications which include vomiting, fever, loose motion, paleness in the body, etc.

Question 5:

Under which of the following conditions is a person most likely to fall sick? (a) When she is recovering from malaria.

(b) When she has recovered from malaria and is taking care of someone suffering from chicken-

pox.

(c) When she is on a four-day fast after recovering from malaria and is taking care of someone suffering from chicken-pox. Why?

Solution:

In condition ‘C’ a person is more likely to fall sick. This is because she is fasting during recovery, and her immune system is so weak that it is not able to protect its own body from any foreign infection. If that person is taking care of someone suffering from chickenpox, then she has more chances of getting infected from the chickenpox virus and will get sick again with this disease.

Question 6:

Under which of the following conditions are you most likely to fall sick? (a) When you are taking examinations.

(b) When you have travelled by bus and train for two days. (c) When your friend is suffering from measles.

Why?

Solution:

A person is more likely to fall sick in situation “C”. This is because measles is highly communicable disease and can easily spread through air. Thus, if your friend is suffering from measles, stay away from him otherwise you might easily get infected w